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Exercise is an effective rehabilitation intervention. Abundant scientific research during the last two decades shows that exercise can also be effective in the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases. Physical inactivity has been identified as one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. The programs that promote physical activity should become higher priorities in national health care systems. The relationship between the level of physical activity and chronic disease was first studied in the context of heart and cardiovascular disease. The level of exercise and physical fitness correlates with all cause mortality. This relationship is independent of the presence of all other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The incidence and morbidity associated with several chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer have been shown to correlate with the level of physical activity of the population under study. Although the optimal exercise intervention has not been defined, it has been suggested that at least 30 minutes of moderate intensive physical activity on most, preferably all days of the week is a reasonable recommendation. This level of physical activity is effective in the primary prevention of chronic diseases mentioned above.
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